Txij li thaum Louis Robert ntawm Fabkis tau tsim thawj lub tshuab ntawv txuas ntxiv mus rau xyoo 1799, cov thev naus laus zis no tau hloov pauv txoj kev nthuav dav ntawm tib neeg lub neej ntawm qhov nrawm xav tsis thoob. Tshaj 200 xyoo, cov tshuab ntawv tau hloov zuj zus los ntawm cov qauv tes qub mus rau hauv cov loj niaj hnub nrog qhov ceev tshaj 1500 meters ib feeb, tsav los ntawm kev sib txuas lus tas mus li ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tshiab.

Kev Cog Qoob Loo: Los ntawm Chav Kuaj Mob mus rau Kev Tsim Khoom Loj

Xyoo 1799, Louis Robert txoj kev tsim khoom tau xaus rau qhov kawg ntawm kev ua ntawv tes ua los ntawm tes. Lub tshuab ua tes qub qub, nrog rau lub xaim tooj liab dav 640mm thiab ntev 3000mm thiab qhov ceev txog li 5 meters ib feeb, tau tsim lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua ntawv tas mus li.

Xyoo 1803, tau txais nyiaj los ntawm Henry Fourdrinier, tus kws ua haujlwm hauv chaw ua haujlwm Askiv, Bryan Donkin, tau tsim thawj lub tshuab Fourdrinier uas tsim ntau thiab teeb tsa nws ntawm Frogmore Paper Mill hauv UK. Nrog rau qhov dav ntawv 813 hli thiab qhov chaw nias dej tas mus li, nws tau pib lub sijhawm ntawm kev ua ntawv hauv kev lag luam.

Kev Ua Pioneering: Kev Tshwm Sim Hauv Cov Txuj Ci Tseem Ceeb

Nyob rau thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuab ntawv tau tsim ib qho tom qab ib qho:

• Tshuab Pwm Lub Tog Raj KheejBraman tau tsim tsa xyoo 1805, nws tau tsim lub hauv paus rau ntau hom tshuab ntawv.
• Lub Tshuab Ziab Khaub NcawsCov tshuab ziab khaub ncaws tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1816, thawj zaug cua sov los ntawm thee tsis muaj npog; xyoo 1823, Crompton tau tsim cov tshuab ziab khaub ncaws uas muaj cov ntaub so cua sov, ua rau kev ziab khaub ncaws zoo dua.
• Kev Txhim Kho Qhov Chaw Xovxwm & HlauXyoo 1817, John Dickinson tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj rau lub tshuab luam ntawv thib ob; xyoo 1830, Thomas Barutt tau tsim cov khoom siv co hlau thiab cov cim dej, uas ua rau daim ntawv zoo dua thiab ruaj khov dua.

Los ntawm xyoo 1840, lub tshuab Fourdrinier qhov dav tshaj 1525 hli (60 nti), uas yog txoj hauv kev rau kev tsim khoom loj.

Dhia: Kev Hloov Pauv Hauv Lub Hwj Chim & Kev Siv Tshuab

Txij thaum kawg ntawm xyoo pua 19th mus txog rau thaum pib ntawm xyoo pua 20th, kev ua tiav ntawm kev hloov pauv kev lag luam tau nkag mus tob rau hauv kev ua ntawv:

• Kev Tsim Kho Tshiab Txog Fais FabXyoo 1894, lub tsev ua ntawv Austrian tau siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsav thawj zaug es tsis siv lub cav ua pa, ua rau kev ceev thiab kev ruaj khov zoo dua.
• Kev Tshawb Fawb CeevLub tshuab ntawv loj tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Meskas tau tshwm sim xyoo 1896, nrog rau qhov dav 4060 hli thiab qhov ceev 152m / min; kev tsim cov yob rooj zaum nqus tsev xyoo 1908 los ntawm kev siv cov dej ntws zoo tshaj plaws.
• Kev Txhim Kho Hluav Taws XobXyoo 1909, Voith thiab Brown Boveri tau koom tes tsim lub tshuab hluav taws xob sectional, uas ua rau txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub tshuab sib dhos tau qhov ceev thiab meej.

Nyob rau nruab nrab xyoo pua 20th, cov thawv hydraulic headboxes thiab cov thawv layered headboxes ua kom cov ntawv sib xws; cov ntawv yob sib txawv tau daws qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntawv yob ntawm qhov ceev ceev.

Peak: Ceev & Cov Kev Txwv ntawm Cov Tshuab Ntawv Niaj Hnub

Txij thaum kawg ntawm xyoo pua 20th mus txog rau thaum pib ntawm xyoo pua 21st, cov tshuab ntawv tau nkag mus rau lub sijhawm ntawm "kev sib tw ceev":

Xyoo 1993, Tshuab 6 ntawm Finland lub Jämsänkoski Mill tau tsim daim ntawv supercalendered 56g/m² ntawm 1502m/min nrog qhov dav hlau 10.1m; tib lub xyoo, Tshuab 7 ntawm Kaipola Mill tau teeb tsa cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm ntawm 1530m/min. Cov loj no ua los ntawm Valmet sawv cev rau lub ntiaj teb qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv tshuab ua ntawv.

Lub caij no, cov tshuab ua los ntawm cov hlau ntxaib uas laus lawm, cov tshuab nias sib xyaw thiab cov tshuab cua-cushion headboxes tau ua tiav qhov kev hloov pauv loj hauv qhov dav, qhov ceev thiab qhov zoo; cov ntaub ntawv tshiab xws li cov hlau yas thiab cov tungsten carbide dewatering boards ua rau muaj kev ruaj khov thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo dua.

Kev Rov Saib Dua & Kev Cia Siab

Txij li Robert lub tshuab ua tes mus txog rau cov tshuab loj ceev ceev niaj hnub no, keeb kwm ntawm cov tshuab ntawv yog ob qho tib si kev hloov pauv thev naus laus zis thiab ua tim khawv rau kev nthuav dav ntawm tib neeg kev vam meej. Nws tau hloov pauv kev tsim ntawv thiab ua rau muaj kev paub thiab cov ntaub ntawv nrov heev. Tam sim no, nyob rau hauv lub nthwv dej digital, cov tshuab ntawv tab tom hloov pauv mus rau kev txuag hluav taws xob, kev txawj ntse thiab kev tsim ntawv tshwj xeeb, txuas ntxiv lawv cov lus dab neeg hauv lub sijhawm tshiab.